Home Boat Design Forums > Community > All Things Boats & Boating > Bathtub Race Anyone? Discussion in 'All Things Boats & Boating' started by DogCavalry, Nov 4, 2021. I will be starting construction of a wooden powerboat of classic lines from the early 1900's fairly soon and would appreciate some advice. Discuss monohull sailboat design, production and custom monohull sailboats. PART ONE: The Decision. A 1/4" thick plate will not buckle, as we say, with closely spaced frames (longitudinal frames on two opposite sides, transverse web frames on the other two). co. She was upside down on the trailer with a tunnel partially completed. Pick a point on the other curve and get its tangent. That means bolt thru and backing plate. The Forum is a free service, and much like the "free" content on Public Radio, we hope you will support WoodenBoat by subscribing to this fabulous magazine. Need to insert high density wood or solid fiberglass laminate for screw holding. Page 1 of 26 1. Sailboat wrap: 25 to 35 yards. Home Boat Design Forums > Construction > Boatbuilding > Fiberglass and Composite Boat Building > stepped hull bottoms. That's approximately 2 x 15 x 50 = 15 x 100, or fifteen hundred pounds of fish. I think I remember about 1000 gal. Tab the bottom inside as well; fair it out to avoid hook. The bow will be almost plumb, the cambered foredeck about 8 1/2' long, vertical windshield, 8' long. Forum posts represent the experience, opinion, and view of individual users. I've estimated a total weight of 65-70,000lbs that needs to be floated. The plug is built from balsa as the core and will painted with topcoat faired and painted. One thing that Montery boats have, which is a plus, is that the engine is easily accesible. Joined: Oct 2023 Posts: 3 Likes: 0, Points: 1 Location: Turkey M4R1N New Member. Attached Files: Viko_20. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Propulsion > Props. Mike Waller designs strong boats, result is you have 9 mm (3/8) plywood skins where as, Richard Woods uses mainly 6 mm ply skins and less surface area at 25 foot lengths. Hi all, I am working with a designer to design my aluminium range for me, but would love to learn the design part myself, I can use AutoCAD to a decent level in 2d, but wondered what your thoughts were as far as the best program to learn boat design with. I might go something like 3",2",1". Page 1 of 23. 13 m,draft: 0. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > Help Identifying a Boat. 13. The y-value is the breadth of the deck. Displacement – when fluid is moved out of the way by the weight of an object placed in the fluid. That hull can be as simple as you like, or as complex as necessary and the final geometry will not only look nice on the screen but. Directory of yacht designers and naval architects, gallery of design work, and active boat design and boat building discussion forums. Build an oval tube 1070 mm wide and 1870 mm high. NZ news: Dual Tokyo Olympics rowing medallist Kerri Williams back for Paris 2024 campaign. At the moment we have a small motorboat type bimmini and ali frame. 9 pounds epoxy. Tags: aluminium; design; plans; powercat; seaworthy; steel; Page 1 of 2 1 2 Next > Joined: Jan 2020 Posts: 6 Likes: 2, Points: 3 Location: europeHome Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > Fountain 35ft hull project. But, airplane engines are expensive and expensive to repair, and use expensive fuel. The salary conditions are very interesting. Education. Page 1 of 2 1 2 Next > Joined: Jul 2023 Posts: 15 Likes: 1, Points: 3 Location: Winnipeg, MB Dubbies Junior Member. Props Building steel canal boats, both narrow and wide, is a very competitive business in the UK with many builders who only build canal boats. In my mind, extending the hull in the same profile as the original hull, just longer, the stern will get more lift. ) Page 1 of 12 1. Based on our requirements listed above, here are the top five sailing forums online today. With industry veterans as moderators it’s a forum to seek advice and. Divide 144 to get to sqft. Hypalon. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Powerboats > 4. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > 3D printed boats. When making potentially dangerous or financial decisions, always employ and consult appropriate professionals. Sort By: Title Start Date Replies Views Last. TK7000@gmail. In general, the greater the length to breadth, the faster the boat. The sharp v at the transom was used on all Formula bottoms. Connect with boat-building enthusiasts, share construction techniques, discuss boat design, and materials, and stay updated on the latest trends and. For additional stability you can use a steel centreplate, grinded of rust, and coated with epoxy. Tags Damen Stan Pilot 1/20 Scale RC Boat Model Kit. Discussion in 'Boat Design' started by Stephen Ditmore, Mar 30, 2010. Then sand with 320 or higher number to make it smoother and then paint it. The September 2013 issue of Westlawn Institute's free journal The Masthead is posted. My proposed building method would be the following, similar to a plywood construction but taking advantage of the Coosa properties: - Have Coosa board CNC cut with scarf of puzzle joints. Come join the discussion about sailing, destinations, maintenance, repairs,. The idea is to create floating reinforced concrete boxes, each 12m x 12m x 3m (40ft x 40ft x 10ft), and connect them as a grid to allow long-term living. Latest Comment: the 1 hour sketch Redsky, Jul 13, 2006. Of course, on small boats where the crew hikes out, it prevents the live load from going the right way too. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > Foreign Manufactured Boat. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Stability. The other is designed for easy building designed for slightly lower power level and is the lowest drag hard chine hull for 11kph with 70kg person plus boat. One Design Sailing Community - Discuss sailboat racing, rigging, repair, rules, measuring, and class politics. Discussion in 'Boat Design' started by Bigtalljv, Sep 30, 2021. The boat shown in your posted pictures may be called a Downeast-type by some, but it is pretty far removed from the archetypical. Home Boat Design Forums > Construction > Boatbuilding > Wooden Boat Building and Restoration > Small fishing boat. However, caution and good judgement should always be used. ) Discuss multi-hull sailboat design, production and custom sailing catamarans and trimarans. 6 foot. Discussion in 'Boat Design' started by PsiPhi, Jun 12, 2009. net. Anyone can check out for. We now have over 800 Boat Design Forum members and over 5000 posts. Joubert has designed Big Bandicoot as a speed sailing machine intended to go fast only in strong winds. Home Boat Design Forums > Community > All Things Boats & Boating. 2840 +/- all up. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > Design help needed. Mount 1 pulley towards the bow, one at the stern. See the photo with the Honda motor. Shawnzoom, I also wanted to design a boat. The engine could be mounted at either wheel, so it could run the belt from the bow. Page 1 of 11 1. By adding a new bow shape right onto the old one, as I say in the website, 440 lbs of structure, we gained 928 lbs of buoyancy. EPDM is another synthetic rubber but usually not available with enough reinforcement for boat use. This will give you fresh water, and keep your tanks clean. I did buy 4 sheets of 1/8" that came out to $1. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Propulsion > Gas Engines. Look for "Locus of a Boat Designer" volumes 1 and 2,but be warned that volume 1 is only published in Japanese. 2. Sonorous Font. Constructed of rigid fiberglass with. As you can see the difference is not much, but the. I chose reinforced concrete as ideally that will not require dry-docking (at least for a few decades), and will require relatively low maintenance. I am busy studying boat design through Westlawn Institute of Marine Technology and I am on the lesson of multihull design. Dolfiman Senior Member. The Forum is a free service, and much like the "free" content on Public Radio, we hope you will support WoodenBoat by subscribing to this fabulous magazine. Materials are still available and overall cost to build and outfit seems to be about 3X-5X a used Searunner ($50-75K). Forum posts represent the experience, opinion, and view of individual users. The wetted surface and friction is then aboat the same. Joining sheets is not a problem. She has a very low boom so this is a main deciding factor in the design. Philippe Lapere said: ↑. Let's say your boat is a bit boxy. Joined: Aug 2008 Posts: 4 Likes: 0, Points: 0, Legacy Rep: 10 Location: Victoria BC oldstyle New Member. A forum to discuss and share tips and project updates on the building or renovation of steel and aluminum boats. S20=BSP P (-260 -13. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > Guidance required. You could put a prop inside a pipe, build a steering nozzle on the back, include a thrust bearing and your DIY jet would move a boat. Design and prepare the shape of the boat. Joined: Jan 2006 Posts: 3,340 Likes: 476, Points: 83, Legacy Rep: 1279 Location: Lakeland Fl USA. - RCS for fiberglass boats. Since the paddle pushes on the water, the water also pushes back on the paddle, pushing the boat forward (this is called Newton's. 4. They have been building boats close to 100 years and their construction methods are well proven in the industry. #6. Home build boats are also exempt, but you can not sell them on the open market until 5 years after completion and put into use. Joined: Oct 2023 Posts: 4 Likes: 0, Points: 1 Location: Canada Paolo DB New Member. Unfortunately, Neither XFLR5 nor AVL can handle the flow from the hull, and the hull-foil interaction is very important for the I-14. For over 40 years Paddle Wheeler’s handcrafted pedal boats have been known as the highest quality pedal boats available. Typically when a set of plans is sold the buyer buys the right to build one boat off of those plans and the designer agrees to provide some level of support. Discussion in 'Boat Design' started by Deadeye, Aug 10, 2019. The Dusky 278 is a rugged center console, the ultimate offshore fishing machine and the choice of serious fishermen everywhere. Cloth weights are per square yard while chopped strand mat weight is per square foot. The drag is 70lbs (32kg) of drag with both boards down all the way at a given speed that I can't recall. Directory of yacht designers and naval architects, gallery of design work, and active boat design and boat building discussion forums. Diesel Engines. 5' and designed heavily loaded displacement is 15600 lbs with a max speed of 55 knots. Tried several different options and materials and clearances. Hi all, Having finished my Glen-L Squirt build, I'm looking for a second. 1. We. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Software > Solidworks. The customer hopes to reach a speed of 50 knots when fully loaded with 60 passengers. The chine widths of the boat is one meter at the widest point. Discuss boat design concepts, projects, plans, reviews, resources, and general design topics. 00. Hokule`a was launched on March 8, 1975 at Kualoa on the windward side of O`ahu. Forum posts represent the experience, opinion, and view of individual users. F50 catamarans can travel at up to 50 knots. She is Australia's largest light cat—she weighs only about 3,500 pounds—and carries a 65-foot mast with 1,200 square feet of sail. 1. Looking at building a Very Slender Vessel with Low Displacement Length of about 24-30 foot boat using a maximum 4HP outboard or motor for commuting 4nM. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > Help With House Boat Design. I can show you drawings and calculations of scantlings but created with other more suitable software. kapnD, May 4, 2021. Due to our garage and storage limitations it has to be under 18' loa and under 7' max beam. Page 1 of 3 1 2 3 Next > Joined: Jul 2006 Posts: 2 Likes: 0, Points: 0, Legacy Rep: 10 Location: Brampton, Ontario Canada werwer6969 New Member. The latest Moths are using two Tee foils 800 x 120mm one on centreboard and the other on the. A forum community dedicated to Sailing, boating, cruising, racing & chartering. We pride ourselves on providing great customer service, affordable high-quality graphics and an extremely quick turn around. Discuss production and custom powerboats and powerboat design. Boat Design Net does not necessarily endorse nor share the view of each individual post. Fishing buddy - 65 lbs. Lets look at it from another direction. 1. The Seafair had a one piece fiberglass stringer system and was bonded to the hull. If only some areas have fairing compound applied to them, they will be harder than the surrounding bare plywood. The propulsion system is 10. Boat Lift Do It Yourself DIY. The kite - are sold by square meter area - in high aspect and low aspect ratio. Boat Design Net Home Boat Design Forums > Construction > Marketplace > Boat Molds > The Marketplace Forums can be useful for members who know one another well from forum discussions and offline communications and wish to post boatbuilding tools, drafting tools, molds and tooling, and other professional equipment for sale or trade. Boat Info. Currently it covers: - ISO12215-5:2019. Discussion forums: boat design, boat building, powerboats, sailboats, multihulls, design software, education, services and employment. I am pleased to inform about free spreadsheet applications Gene-hull dedicated to early stage design of a sailing yacht, based on polynomial functions leading to 2D faired linesplan, deterministic definition of the hull body and good regularity of the curvatures. 75 ounces per square yard. 1. To get WoodenBoat delivered to your door or computer, mobile device of choice, etc, click WB. What the above physical explanation tells you is that a boat will want to broach even in non-breaking waves. My favourite little boat so far has been my supernova trimaran it's a bit like a weta about 15ft long with a 12ft beam and low buoyancy floats the thing sails like a super fine dinghy with really good light air performance and due to the beam design you have a comfy cockpit to stick your legs in I could imagine going long distances in this boat. - Panels below water line are laminated and faired on the flat before assembly. Use inboard diesel. We “know” that at 5. Discussion in 'Boat Design' started by lumberjack_jeff, Oct 31, 2010. start for [email protected] Nov 17, 2023 8:55 pm. The goal is to design a 45 to 48 foot by 12 foot widebeam to simplicity and somewhat low cost. Thoughts on maybe doing the V in 4mm ply ,2 layers. rangebowdrie, Nov 11, 2022. - RS class for composite ships. The z-value is the height of the deck above the baseline (the hull is flipped upside down). To convert this coordinates to a linesplan there are different methods, one would be to draw the lines from the table with the. So a square yard of your 2. This model also looks promising, 33 ft North Carolina sharpie, it is a bit beamier than the New Haven model (l/b 5:1 vs true 6:1 for New haven model) with a bit shorter rig is better geared for cruising but I do not know how such wide flat bottom hull would behave in light wind and under motor. So the thought is. With two persons = roughly 350pounds of load, at 100W, the boat reached around 4. Plenty of folding kayaks and inflatable boats use it. Available in many file formats including MAX, OBJ, FBX, 3DS, STL, C4D, BLEND, MA, MB. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design. I remember it being in an old National Geographic Magazine also. #4. If it were seaworthy, and 12-13 meters, it would be the perfect boat for us. The WoodenBoat Forum is sponsored by WoodenBoat Publications, publisher of WoodenBoat magazine. In contrast buildng a UK style canal boat will be a new experience for a US yard. 12v iPod speakers 25w. Paying to have it converted doesn't seem to make any sense. At the time (about 2009) they were building bottoms as i described. Key Tin Foil Boat Activity Terms. Paying to have it converted doesn't seem to make any sense. The boat will plane readily with one person and minimum gear. If the boat is unfinished; you can also bolt the former to the outside and wax it like 4-5 times and add your extension and glass tab it on the inside, add the frames to the inside and the gunwhale, then remove the former and glass the outside. Let's say your boat is a bit boxy. For buildings the requirements vary by state and local government. Message Boards for Laser/ILCA, Sunfish, J/24. A forum to discuss marine electrical systems design, electrical components, sources, and techniques. Boat design and boatbuilding projects, plans, concepts, reviews, and resources. Due to its special shape, only a small opening is needed in the bottom of the boat. Discuss schools and programs of Naval Architecture and Yacht Design and entry paths into a boat design career. Turns out, after some research, the hull was originally built by a company called Alim Marine from Miami, Fl. Diesel engines are too heavy. Discussion in 'Powerboats' started by Rylo, Jan 18, 2020. I have been playing with vectorlam for some more insight into design pressures for different locations on the hull bottom and tunnel. The WoodenBoat Forum is sponsored by WoodenBoat Publications, publisher of WoodenBoat magazine. 706. Joined: Oct 2022 Posts: 7 Likes: 1, Points: 3 Location: Chesapeake, VA T Brown Junior Member. It makes more sense on heavyish boats, at least heavy by modern standards. Put all the sections together in what is called the body plan, and then use a curve to get a best fit through the chines - if it is a nice curve, you are off to a good start. 76 m ). Please post Interesting and Unusual Boating Photos from around the world here. Even with microspheres, epoxy is just too damn hard. Joined: Sep 2021 Posts: 3 Likes: 0, Points: 1 Location: Horw, Switzerland Joerg Furrer New Member. #14. Lightweight, and they like to run at very high RPM in order to produce their rated power. Discuss boat design concepts, projects, plans, reviews, resources, and general design topics. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > Design 077. 3 x 120 ah 12v leisure batteries = 360 ah. Page 2 of 74 < Prev 1. Power = 2 x 20w 12v Solar panels = 40w. Big Updates: Dark Mode, Web App (PWA. This 40 footer appears to have a nice size galley, a more roomy than most head/shower, a nice saloon/living room, and a very nice covered aft deck. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Propulsion > Diesel Engines. Forum posts represent the experience, opinion, and view of individual users. Press Releases A forum for boat-design, boatbuilder, boat company and marine-related press releases. Page 1 of 2 1 2 Next > Joined: Jun 2005 Posts: 87 Likes: 1, Points: 0, Legacy Rep: 17 Location: USAAlik Senior Member. Page 1 of 17 1. A yacht also makes waves as it pushes the water around and under the hull from the bow (front) to the stern (back) of the boat. We're on a mission to find the 10 most exclusive, unique and passionate high-performance boaters on the planet. Why? Build slots are going fast for the rarified Donzi 64-24 Limited Edition. 0361 pounds per cubic inch. I am going for about a 15 footer with a 7' beam, i have considered. Tags RC boat cigarette・3D print object to download・. Boat Review: Dagger Green Boat Kayak. The ply floor was bonded without mechanical fasteners to the tops of the stringers. The boats refueled every other day. If two centerboards are chosen, the total surface area must be the same as a single one. Made with stitch and glue 5mm thick marine ply. Inspired by offshore powerboats, Joubert gave her hard chine hulls. Skeeter’s X-Treme and EX-Cell composite construction ensure a smooth, dry and safe trip to your favorite fishing hole. The boat structure is all about detail. The Forum is a free service, and. Complete boxed K&E ships curves. 5 meters. Page 1 of 2 1 2 Next > Joined: Dec 2010 Posts: 5 Likes: 0, Points: 0, Legacy Rep: 10 Location: Leeds leggers Junior Member. It has always been my dream to build a boat/yacht of some sort and do a little coastal day sailing and I have been scouring the. The bow will require one more knot before it. In contrast buildng a UK style canal boat will be a new experience for a US yard. Fresh water weights 62. Glass in and built up the aft drip edge to run water outboard of the cabin sole. nemo Naval Architect. The wetted surface and friction is then aboat the same. 2m long. I have looked at many ideas including the Hartley Scamp 15 half cabin boat, as well as a Jarcat 5. Page 1 of 2 1 2 Next > Joined: Jan 2009 Posts: 49 Likes: 2, Points: 8, Legacy Rep: 20 Location: BC, Canada Deadeye Bender of Nails. kapnD, May 4, 2021. The oily or tannin contaminated woods, such as oak and teak can receive a surface prep, that will eliminate any bonding issues. That is to say, it is rectangular in cross section. When making potentially dangerous or financial decisions, always employ and consult appropriate professionals. If anyone has experience in designing something along these lines I. Technical discussion on fluid dynamics: theory and analysis. Deadrise at transom goes to zero degrees due to convergence of chine and keel lines. I am currently trying to identify a boat. - Water depth - 1. Boat Design Net does not necessarily endorse nor share the view of each individual post. One is the lowest drag hull for 75kg person and power level of 150W designed for 12kph. John Wiese ’s boat weighs around 500 lbs with batteries, and he claims that this homemade boat lift has been working way better than he imagined. File size: 305. 34 or 5. Comments: 1,256. Discuss boatbuilding materials: composites, woods, metals, plastics, and finishes. Page 1 of 23. Pick another point on the first line and repeat. Discussion in 'Boat Design' started by Samdaman, Mar 23, 2023. 667 power is about 1. Views: 3,140. Jet Drives (pumps, impellers, etc. Boat Review: Liquidlogic Stomper Kayak. It allows to create hull from both hull lines and forming a shape etc. Comments: 91. It also keeps the live load from going as far the wrong way. Big discounts are required to sell. Forum posts represent the experience, opinion, and view of individual users. Read our expert reviews of a range of creek boats, which go over on-the-water performance, brand background, as well as specifications, comfort and comparable models. Page 1 of 2 1 2 Next > Joined: Feb 2016 Posts: 18 Likes: 0, Points: 0, Legacy Rep: 10Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > Hull Extension. With a hull thickness of 25mm/1" everywhere I get a total hull skin volume of 1568 liters. To help other builders, please list the boat you are building in the Thread Subject -- and to conserve space,. I have talked to numerous designers, and one even quoted me over $4,000 just to modify one of their designs to better suit my needs. Hi 65chill, Welcome aboard boatdesign. Hi to everyone. Page 4 of 367 < Prev 1. The ultimate collector's item, only an exclusive few will own the latest version of a boat that has defined "high performance" for more than six decades. 5) Assemble and install electronics into the boat hull. 64 pounds per cubic foot/12 x 12 x 12 = 0. Home Boat Design Forums > Collaboration > Projects & Proposals. As a condition to and in consideration of receiving and accessing Boat Design Net (boatdesign. Page 10 of 83 < Prev 1. The link in my signature is a photo album of my boat before any work began. Home Boat Design Forums > Construction > Boatbuilding > Wooden Boat Building and Restoration > Boredom fix. Lightweight, and they like to run at very high RPM in order to produce their rated power. - RCS for fiberglass boats. Regardless of the use, our durable fiberglass frame can withstand it all. rxcomposite, Mar 22, 2023. Back in January of last year, I bought a boat from an estate auction. Thats why barges are such nice liveaboards. If you’re looking for a center console boat that combines luxury, high performance, and fishing hacks into one eye-catching package, then you will love the new Cobia 350 CC. 54. So the plan is it put in a. * Is mechanically self contained: -- the galley fridge module contains the ice box, compressor, drain sump. Owning a commercial boat means you must put your best hull forward, so use vinyl wraps to enhance, customize and protect your craft. Keep the structure light if you’re going to move it about, or you’ll pay a penalty in speed and fuel. Home Boat Design Forums > Community > All Things Boats & Boating >. Due to its special shape, only a small opening is needed in the bottom of the boat. My first spiline created with text editor. The designer sells the design prior to modification at under $500. It weighs 59kg including a glass clad bottom and a lot of saturation epoxy and paint. Discussion in 'Boat Design' started by oldstyle, Aug 18, 2008. Discussion in 'Boat Design' started by leggers, Apr 27, 2011. 0% Multiple votes are allowed. The breaking waves are an extremization of the above mechanism, which is a fact. preferably 2-3 person, 12-16 ft. Looking at maximum speed and 4-6 foot wide. Discussion in 'Boat Design' started by white crown, Feb 25, 2017. G'day i am new to this site and got on to it with one idea - I am looking for a really nice 4. Discuss multi-hull sailboat design, production and custom sailing catamarans and trimarans. 9K. So, let's take a small boat that needs 10 sheets of 1/4" plywood. Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Powerboats > Looking for a design. Hi,Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > Catboats. Maybe helping hobbyists make boats in your yard would be more. to sail in the protected brakish waters in Florida. If you'll be operating mostly at semi-displacement speeds, though, a monohedral design like the RB900 can be improved on. and you can compare them to your sail area or HP -. The hull shape is relatively simple with a quarter circle shape and a flat side. Joined: Jun 2005 Posts: 5 Likes: 0, Points: 0, Legacy Rep: 10 Location: Ireland Rudderman Junior Member. I think that for me a cat is the answer to a decent cabin while being stable and fast. On some designs it is also rounded at the tip, but on many boats now. Total hull surface is about 64m2. Boat Design Net does not necessarily endorse nor share the view of each individual post. A lot of drawing options are worth working on. If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. net). Home Boat Design Forums > Design > Boat Design > Wanted - Naval Architect for Downeast style boat. Discussion in 'Boat Design' started by M4R1N, Oct 6, 2023. Discussion in 'Wooden Boat Building and Restoration' started by Baldur, Jul 28, 2005. Posts: 105500. Retired P. Modular boat. For buildings the requirements vary by state and local government. New design for a very old type of boat. The definitive guide to luxury yachts and the yachting lifestyle. View attachment 180243. Going with plywood rings bushings laminated with 4 oz glass riding on sdry silicone spray. 2 hp is more than enough for a small zodiac tender. The WoodenBoat Forum is sponsored by WoodenBoat Publications, publisher of WoodenBoat magazine. You could haul your boat out on dry land and the inverter will still work without any connection to "Earth" or water. Page 1 of 2 1 2 Last. Our design & boatbuilding forums and our gallery have also been growing. Hello allA forum to discuss and share tips and project updates on fiberglass boat building and repair as well as mold construction and tooling. - bottom profile is straight as it goes down from the base of the stem to about 45 %, then smoothly arcs.